The Sudak Fortress Crimea

The Genoese fortress (Ukrainian: Генуезька фортеця, Russian: Генуэзская крепость, Crimean Tatar: Ceneviz qalesi) or Sudak fortress is a fortress in Sudak, Crimea, built by the Genoese in 13th–14th centuries. 

First fortifications near Sudak were built by the Romans in 3rd–4th centuries. Bosporans had their own fortifications in Sougdaia (Sudak) as well. In 13th century, the Genoese started settling in Sougdaia. In late 13th to early 14th century, stone fortifications were built around the city center.

In the first half of 14th century, the Mongols invaded the city, and as the result, the original Genoese fortifications were ruined. After the death of Khan Berdi Beg, the Republic of Genoa retook Sougdaia (then named Soldaia), and a new fortress was built around the city. This period of the fortress's history is most well-researched thanks to inscriptions left on the walls by the Genoese. In 1475, Sudak came under the control of the Ottoman Empire. In 1771, Sudak got occupied by armed forces of the Russian Empire.

The fortress lost its importance and strategic value under Imperial Russian reign, and therefore the Genoese buildings and parts of the fortress were dismantled, and the bricks were used for new construction.

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