The Big Hole in Kimberley, South Africa, is one of the largest hand dug excavations in the world. It was created during a diamond rush starting in 1871 and eventually produced about 14.5 million carats of diamonds. The open-pit mine reached a depth of 240 meters, with further underground mining extending over 1,000 meters deep. Operations ended in 1914. Today, it's a major tourist attraction featuring: -A viewing platform over the water-filled crater. -An interactive museum and diamond vault. -A recreated underground mining experience. -A preserved historic town from the mining era. The site offers a rich blend of history, geology, and culture, giving visitors insight into South Africa’s diamond mining heritage.